OM603 semi-super pump testing, fitted with Bosch 6.0mm elements
OM603 semi-super pump testing, fitted with Bosch 6.0mm elements
Several years ago I got the bright idea to try installing the Bosch 6.0mm elements from the 606.962 turbo IP, into my 603.960 IP. In theory, this should have provided about the same power as a "chipped" W210 E300 turbo, or 210-220hp at the crank (170-180hp at the wheels). I picked up a used 606 pump as a donor for the elements and also a spare 603 pump to use as a core. I'll spare the long story as to what transpired between then and now (several years, lots of waiting) but I finally received a completed, working 603 pump with 6mm elements in September 2010. This was largely due to the generous assistance of an MB owner/enthusiast in WA who happened to have a friend that works at a Bosch shop. (I will update this post with the name & contact info for the shop, after confirming that they are willing to have this information posted publicly.)
Prior to the pump build & swap, I did dyno runs with a stock rebuilt injection pump, which show the stock fuel cutoff hits sharply around 4750rpm, drastically limiting power above that point. I also did a dyno run with a different maxed-out stock pump, and did testing from 0-100mph with both configurations. Unfortunately the 0-100mph testing data is slightly skewed because in the meantime, I installed LSD and larger brakes on the car, which take a bit of power to spin due to the increased rotational weight. So, the test data shows minimal performance gain between the stock pump turned up 0.5 turns vs 2.0 turns. However this isn't quite true, it did make more power since the car was slightly quicker despite the weight penalty. I'll add the dyno & performance data later, I need to compile it into an easier-to-read format.
Anyway: When maxing out the stock pump, both Casey and myself found that beyond +1.5 turns there were driveability issues, mostly that the engine would not always return to idle, and it was hard to start. So although I did test a +2.0 turns, I went back to approx +1.5 turns as the most which retained normal starting / idling. There was very little, if any, difference in power between +1.5 and +2.0 turns. Although I don't have an intercooler on the car, I do have IAT, EGT, and boost gauges. With the stock pump maxed out, EGT's would reach about 1300°F by approx 100mph (approx 30 seconds of WOT). Turbo is stock KKK, exhaust is stock but the oxidation cat fell off and resonator (middle muffler) was replaced with a straight pipe. Injectors have new #314 nozzles and are recent / balanced / etc.
I got the Bosch spec sheets for the 603.960 and 606.962 pumps, and while it's mostly in ancient Greek and Egyptian hieroglyphics, I did notice some oddities: I found it interesting that the fuel quantity wasn't linear between the two pumps. Spec sheets say ~51cc for 110kw on the 603 (0.464 cc per kw), while the 606 shows 64cc for 130kw (0.492 cc per kw). I don't get why 606 specs more fuel per kw/hp. In general the sheets are fascinating, the 603 sheet appears to indicate that 34cc of fuel is delivered at 2000rpm with no boost, increasing to ~51cc of fuel at 3200rpm with full boost, but that it drops to ~49cc at 4400rpm with full boost! The 606 pump makes more sense... 55cc @ 1000rpm, 60cc @ 2000rpm, and 64cc @ 4400rpm (no boost reference since it's all electronic). I can't figure why the 603 pump spec actually seems to reduce fuel delivery before the peak power RPM. Also of interest is that the 603 pump idle spec is ~6cc, but the 606 idle spec is nearly double that at 12cc. I suspect this could be due to camshaft profile differences, but still, twice the quantity at idle? Strange. The hybrid pump dialed in a ~79cc with 16.5mm of rack, spread was 1.6cc. The ALDA would pull about 25cc with no boost signal. Idle was 6.1cc (in spec), spread of 0.7cc. On paper, it looked great.
Installing the hybrid pump was straightforward, I set IP timing slightly advanced from spec (about 13.5° ATDC via RIV method, spec is 14°). The good news is, the pump starts and idles like stock - absolutely zero issues with returning to idle, or starting (cold or hot). Initial test drives showed much more power with much less throttle travel, which was expected. I had to turn up the transmission vac modulator 2 full turns to get good part-throttle shifts. Part throttle upshifts are way too early, but that's a separate hassle (if I adjust the Bowden cable to make the shifts correct, it causes other problems - more on that later, probably in a separate thread). Boost builds FAST, I mean it would peg the boost gauge to 15psi in a couple of seconds at ~2/3 throttle. There was little to no smoke except at WOT at higher RPM, then it would smoke noticeably. Boost peaked at 15psi, maybe a bit more.
Smoke = lack of air. I tried turning up the wastegate, which is adjustable on the KKK. At first I did 3 turns on the setscrew. But the car made less power, and less part-throttle boost. I mean a LOT less. At 2/3 part throttle, instead of shooting to 15psi like previously, it would slowly climb to 15-18psi. The change was obvious. Peak boost did increase (I saw spikes to 23psi at upshift time) but the part throttle loss was awful. The KKK wastegate operates much differently than the usual Garrett, it's hard to explain, but I think this is what caused the odd behavior. At any rate, I ended up with a final setting of +2.0 turns on the wastegate, this provided more boost than stock, without the loss of part-throttle power. Unfortunately, it's still not enough air. Although peak boost is ~20psi or so, as RPM's climb under load you can clearly see the boost drop off. It drops from 15-18psi back down to about 12-13psi near redline in lower gears, and from 20psi down to 15psi near redline in 3rd gear. Again, I think it's the funky KKK wastegate design, it's not happy operating outside the design specs.
Here are videos of the gauges during WOT runs. The first video (9MB) was taken prior to the final wastegate adjustment and shows slightly lower boost levels. The largest video (38MB) is the best, if you have the time to download it, and shows the current boost level:
http://www.w124performance.com/movies/Me...1987_300D/
I can't test past 80mph at the moment due to high EGT's... as you can see in the video, they hit a bit over 1400F by 80-85mph. I'm not comfortable with those temps. I need to get more air in there. My options are:
1) Swap in a 3.5L 0.55-trim Garrett turbo, which I have on the shelf. Hopefully the Garrett wastegate won't cause the weird loss of boost like the KKK. This should (in theory) be a straight swap with minimal mods.
2) Add a small side-mount intercooler. I have a 300ZX IC that should work perfectly, although it's rather small. But it should help at least a little. I can't add a large front-mount unit like Casey did without cutting the bumper (or swapping on an AMG bumper). That is in the long-term plans, but I'm not going to do that anytime soon.
Summary of acceleration times:
0-60 = 10.7 sec, 0-80 = 19.5 sec (stock IP)
0-60 = 9.3 sec, 0-80 = 16.3 sec (maxed-out stock IP)
0-60 = 8.6 sec, 0-80 = 14.9 sec (hybrid IP, but smoking = lack of air)
Comments? Any ideas on how to get EGT's down without headers, big IC's, water injection (already tried that - waste of time), or giant aftermarket turbos?
Additional performance data & dyno graphs will be added eventually - stay tuned.
First post has been updated with 0-60 data. Note that all testing is done at 2400' elevation, the car would launch quicker at sea level. Also, as mentioned in the second paragraph of the first post, the maxed-out stock IP and hybrid IP were tested with larger brakes and LSD installed, and the weight penalty is making it look like the mods didn't provide as much gain as they should. They dyno graphs will all be with the big brakes and LSD so it will be a more fair comparison.
BTW, photos of the weird KKK wastegate are on my website at this link:
http://www.w124performance.com/images/OM603_exhaust/
I'm still trying to wrap my head around why boost wouldn't build when I adjusted the setscrew in 1 turn too far. I'd have thought that if the wastegate was stuck closed, it would build boost (off idle) just as fast, not slower. ?????
(12-22-2010, 01:26 PM)winmutt All this and the vids are in .mov! I will have to look when I get home.
(12-22-2010, 01:26 PM)winmutt All this and the vids are in .mov! I will have to look when I get home.
(12-23-2010, 03:50 PM)gsxr I'm still trying to wrap my head around why boost wouldn't build when I adjusted the setscrew in 1 turn too far. I'd have thought that if the wastegate was stuck closed, it would build boost (off idle) just as fast, not slower. ?????
You could try drilling out the bleed orifice on the WG body and threading it to accept a needle valve. That will keep the valve closed longer and give a little more adjustment range. Or even brazing a counter-boost fitting onto the atmosphere side of the actuator.
See attached graphs.
Rear wheel numbers are divide numbers by 0.82 to get estimated crankshaft HP:
115hp / 160tq at wheels, uncorrected, stock IP
141hp / 201tq at wheels, uncorrected, hybrid IP
140hp / 195tq at crank, uncorrected, stock IP
172hp / 245tq at crank, uncorrected, hybrid IP
EGT's remained below 1300 (maybe under 1200) on the dyno, no worries there. Did two pulls, the runs were nearly identical. I'm not convinced that correction factors (SAE or otherwise) should apply to turbocharged applications, so I'm sticking with uncorrected / raw rear-wheel numbers for now. The numbers are even higher when a correction factor is applied. Winter blend fuel is probably costing a few HP, ditto for the heavier brakes, wheels, tires, and diff.
Note how power stops climbing around 4000rpm due to lack of air...the boost pressure drops past this point and power slides down with it. Too bad the dyno doesn't have a boost pressure input, I'd love to see a boost curve graphed along with the power. Need bigger turbo!
Interesting number now put on a larger turbo and see what the 6 mm elements run out of fuel. Don't forget a IC.
(12-24-2010, 08:09 PM)George3soccer Interesting number now put on a larger turbo and see what the 6 mm elements run out of fuel. Don't forget a IC.On the test bench, the 6mm setup puts out almost exactly 50% more fuel than stock, so in theory it should make about 175rwhp (210 crank hp) when fed enough air. It's looking like the .971 turbo I have will be a real pain to install, so it will probably be a while before I'll have that done - need to collect a few more parts first.
(12-24-2010, 08:09 PM)George3soccer Interesting number now put on a larger turbo and see what the 6 mm elements run out of fuel. Don't forget a IC.On the test bench, the 6mm setup puts out almost exactly 50% more fuel than stock, so in theory it should make about 175rwhp (210 crank hp) when fed enough air. It's looking like the .971 turbo I have will be a real pain to install, so it will probably be a while before I'll have that done - need to collect a few more parts first.
My friend test 6mm elements on om603 with Garrett GT32 he get 232hp/415nm. This was 2007.
(12-25-2010, 04:23 AM)jeemu My friend test 6mm elements on om603 with Garrett GT32 he get 232hp/415nm. This was 2007.
(12-25-2010, 04:23 AM)jeemu My friend test 6mm elements on om603 with Garrett GT32 he get 232hp/415nm. This was 2007.
(12-25-2010, 04:41 AM)diesel_fitterNo, just remember at he say it spools wery fast.(12-25-2010, 04:23 AM)jeemu My friend test 6mm elements on om603 with Garrett GT32 he get 232hp/415nm. This was 2007.
Awesome Jeemu. Thanks for posting! Can you comment on the spool?
(12-25-2010, 04:41 AM)diesel_fitterNo, just remember at he say it spools wery fast.(12-25-2010, 04:23 AM)jeemu My friend test 6mm elements on om603 with Garrett GT32 he get 232hp/415nm. This was 2007.
Awesome Jeemu. Thanks for posting! Can you comment on the spool?
(12-25-2010, 04:57 AM)jeemu(12-25-2010, 04:41 AM)diesel_fitterNo, just remember at he say it spools wery fast.(12-25-2010, 04:23 AM)jeemu My friend test 6mm elements on om603 with Garrett GT32 he get 232hp/415nm. This was 2007.
Awesome Jeemu. Thanks for posting! Can you comment on the spool?
He used 1.7bar boost. max hp/4300rpm and max nm/2800rpm
(12-25-2010, 04:57 AM)jeemu(12-25-2010, 04:41 AM)diesel_fitterNo, just remember at he say it spools wery fast.(12-25-2010, 04:23 AM)jeemu My friend test 6mm elements on om603 with Garrett GT32 he get 232hp/415nm. This was 2007.
Awesome Jeemu. Thanks for posting! Can you comment on the spool?
He used 1.7bar boost. max hp/4300rpm and max nm/2800rpm
(12-25-2010, 04:57 AM)jeemu My friend test 6mm elements on om603 with Garrett GT32 he get 232hp/415nm. This was 2007. ... just remember at he say it spools wery fast.Cool! This is exactly what I am looking for from my engine. Did he use the stock iron exhaust manifold, or custom headers? Any intercooler? I'd love to see photos of this setup!
He used 1.7bar boost. max hp/4300rpm and max nm/2800rpm
(12-25-2010, 04:57 AM)jeemu My friend test 6mm elements on om603 with Garrett GT32 he get 232hp/415nm. This was 2007. ... just remember at he say it spools wery fast.Cool! This is exactly what I am looking for from my engine. Did he use the stock iron exhaust manifold, or custom headers? Any intercooler? I'd love to see photos of this setup!
He used 1.7bar boost. max hp/4300rpm and max nm/2800rpm
(12-25-2010, 11:51 AM)gsxr Cool! This is exactly what I am looking for from my engine. Did he use the stock iron exhaust manifold, or custom headers? Any intercooler? I'd love to see photos of this setup!
Now that is very impresive, sure do love that its a 4matic.
(12-25-2010, 12:26 PM)MJF 1/4 mile was with 7mm pump. It´s 4-matic.Wow... 13.9 @ 98mph! What kind of power are you making with the 7mm elements? I assume that's a Myna Diesel pump on there now? Do you still have the GT32 turbo, or has the turbo been upgraded as well?
(12-26-2010, 05:13 PM)MJF That's not my car, but I know the builder. He has sold that long ago. I don't remember hearing if it was dynoed with 7mm mynä pump, does Jeemu know? It had only gt32. There is small project topic of this cas at mersuforum.No he only dyno that 6mm ip. Then istalled 7mm and broplems started. Tranny, cylinderhead etc. Fixed and sold forward.
(12-26-2010, 05:13 PM)MJF That's not my car, but I know the builder. He has sold that long ago. I don't remember hearing if it was dynoed with 7mm mynä pump, does Jeemu know? It had only gt32. There is small project topic of this cas at mersuforum.No he only dyno that 6mm ip. Then istalled 7mm and broplems started. Tranny, cylinderhead etc. Fixed and sold forward.
(12-23-2010, 05:22 PM)E300TSC(12-22-2010, 01:26 PM)winmutt All this and the vids are in .mov! I will have to look when I get home.
Dude... VLC Media Player. That is all...
(12-23-2010, 05:22 PM)E300TSC(12-22-2010, 01:26 PM)winmutt All this and the vids are in .mov! I will have to look when I get home.
Dude... VLC Media Player. That is all...
Mmm...another Linux user? Nice VLC is very good! I assume you are against the proprietary nature of Apple like myself?
How much tuning did the shop have to do to the pump Dave? My thoughts were that Derv was doing a lot of research to make the pump work as it should which makes me thing that not just any shop, even one that does "stock" rebuild, could adjust these and get the settings correct.
With the idle being not so good on the Myna 7.0mm, maybe a Myna Build with the 7.5mm elements would be a good compromise because we can also have the adjustment which is desirable.
(12-30-2010, 05:18 PM)jonbobshinigin How much tuning did the shop have to do to the pump Dave? My thoughts were that Derv was doing a lot of research to make the pump work as it should which makes me thing that not just any shop, even one that does "stock" rebuild, could adjust these and get the settings correct.From what I understand, the 6mm elements in the M pump was pretty simple. It could be that 7.5mm elements would take more R&D to get dialed in, but 6.0mm was no problem. However, I was pretty specific on what I requested them to do; if you just handed a shop a pump with elements the results would likely depend on how sharp the tech is.
(12-30-2010, 05:18 PM)jonbobshinigin With the idle being not so good on the Myna 7.0mm, maybe a Myna Build with the 7.5mm elements would be a good compromise because we can also have the adjustment which is desirable.That's a good point. It would likely be more expensive, but could have a good end result. I'm not sure if anyone is willing to spring for the ~$2k (USD) needed to find out though. I'd probably do it if I had the $$$, but I don't at the moment. Besides, I've gotta get more airflow before I can even think about upping the fueling...
(12-30-2010, 05:18 PM)jonbobshinigin How much tuning did the shop have to do to the pump Dave? My thoughts were that Derv was doing a lot of research to make the pump work as it should which makes me thing that not just any shop, even one that does "stock" rebuild, could adjust these and get the settings correct.From what I understand, the 6mm elements in the M pump was pretty simple. It could be that 7.5mm elements would take more R&D to get dialed in, but 6.0mm was no problem. However, I was pretty specific on what I requested them to do; if you just handed a shop a pump with elements the results would likely depend on how sharp the tech is.
(12-30-2010, 05:18 PM)jonbobshinigin With the idle being not so good on the Myna 7.0mm, maybe a Myna Build with the 7.5mm elements would be a good compromise because we can also have the adjustment which is desirable.That's a good point. It would likely be more expensive, but could have a good end result. I'm not sure if anyone is willing to spring for the ~$2k (USD) needed to find out though. I'd probably do it if I had the $$$, but I don't at the moment. Besides, I've gotta get more airflow before I can even think about upping the fueling...
I am with you. I have everything I need except intercooler and modified pump. Well, other than a transmission that will hold up, an AMG front bumper to house the intercooler, and time, money, experience and equipment, I'm set! Thanks so much Dave for being a pioneer. I love learning from other people's successes, and also failures :-)
I wonder if the 970 turbo is gonna do any better...I wonder how an HX35 would do?
I have the first Floyd pump running since this week in my 124 603a.
This pump was built in Berlin long time ago.
This guy in Berlin did not have any experience in Diesel but in mechanical petrol inline pumps.
It took quite a time until I had the pump back.
A M 5 cyl. pump with the same elements done somewhere else did show issues in idle return and idle smoke. Idle return was solved by reducing quantity on the adjustment screw but smoke stays.
On my 124 now I replaced the delivery valves to avoid post injection.
I used the ones for a M 7mm pump.
The engine is still stock so I reduced the quantity by 1.5 turns before I installed the pump. The delivery valves might also decrease the quantity a bit.
The only thing I had to do was to adjust idle.
The Berlin guy did not touch the ALDA this is why the car now is very weak from stop unless I press the pedal.
But pressing the pedal is impressive even with stock engine.
And no smoke at all!
Today I will adjust the ALDA (and tranny vac control).
Tom
make a video
Brief update:
I got the 3.5L (350SDL) Garrett turbo installed and running. Boost gauge shows 15psi (1psi less than the ~16psi I saw on the workbench). Good news is, the boost doesn't vary even a little at high RPM, it stays pegged at 15 (the stock KKK would always drift down as RPM's increased). Bad news is, I need more boost. I don't think there's enough adjustment range for the stock wastegate so I may leave it as-is at 15psi and try an external boost controller. I'm looking for 20-22psi. Adjusting the rod with the turbo installed looks like a RPITA.
For grins, I clamped off the wastegate hose and went for a drive. Boost went over 25psi (saw ~27 peak) under heavy throttle, although I didn't give it full throttle or high RPM's - didn't want to risk damaging anything with the wastegate sealed shut. But at least there appears to be decent capacity with the 3.5L turbo. IAT's climbed rapidly to 200-250F under these conditions, btw. The bigger turbo doesn't spool as quick as the little KKK but I kind of expected that.
I think this setup will allow steady peak boost at 20-22psi, which is great. But until I get it dialed in, the question remains if the additional airflow will solve my low power problem at high RPM's. Stay tuned...
I got the Hallman boost controller installed today. I pre-set it on the workbench and it was pretty close, about 20psi peak, dropping to about 18psi. Another turn of the knob got it to about 22psi peak, dropping to maybe 20psi. I haven't been able to watch it real closely under power though. I need to take a good video during a WOT run to capture the data. The good news is, the 3.5L turbo works waaaay better than the littler KKK.
Anyway - with the boost turned up, the smoke appears to be gone at high RPM. The EGT's still get higher than I'd like but now I can hit over 90mph before EGT's make me lift. I think even a small IC might help out with that. AP-22 indicated power is up at least 20hp from previously with the stock turbo, so it might be 165-170hp at the wheels now. Launching with moderate power braking (to get the boost needle off zero) results in spinning both 225/45/17 tires (!!) if the pavement is not clean & dry. But, I was able to get a couple of test runs:
Summary of acceleration times:
0-60 = 10.7 sec, 0-80 = 19.5 sec, 0-90 = 26.0 sec (stock IP)
0-60 = 9.3 sec, 0-80 = 16.3 sec, 0-90 = 21.9 sec (maxed-out stock IP)
0-60 = 8.6 sec, 0-80 = 14.9 sec, 0-90 = N/A (hybrid IP, stock KKK turbo @ 20psi)
0-60 = 7.7 sec, 0-80 = 13.4 sec, 0-90 = 17.1 sec (hybrid IP, 350SDL Garrett turbo @ 22psi)
Due to high EGT's, I could not test to 90mph with the stock turbo. I also forgot to test 1/4 mile data with the stock turbo, but with stock IP (maxed out) it was usually around 17.0 @ 80mph, today with the hybrid setup I got 15.9 @ 86mph, which ain't too shabby.
Coming soon: Dyno data and videos of the gauges at WOT. I'd like to test to 100mph (for comparison to stock) but I need to get EGT's down a bit more.
Great info Dave! This is shaping up nicely!
I went to the dyno today - see attached graphs. Rear wheel numbers are divide numbers by 0.82 to get estimated crankshaft HP:
115hp / 160tq at wheels, uncorrected, stock IP
141hp / 201tq at wheels, uncorrected, hybrid IP
153hp / 205tq at wheels, uncorrected, hybrid IP, 350SDL turbo
140hp / 195tq at crank, uncorrected, stock IP
172hp / 245tq at crank, uncorrected, hybrid IP
187hp / 250tq at crank, uncorrected, hybrid IP, 350SDL turbo
Some comments:
1) The power curve is much better now, the shape follows the stock curve, which is good - doesn't taper off like with the KKK.
2) Boost pressure remains above 20psi to redline, which is also good. However IAT's are off the hook! Near 5000rpm I saw 300°F IAT on the dyno. Yikes! Need an IC to cool things down.
3) There is noticeable smoke at low RPM's until boost builds, then the smoke clears. It would be nice to reduce the low-RPM smoking but I'm not sure how we can do that without hurting power elsewhere.
4) Although I did all three dyno runs to an indicated 5200rpm on the tach, only one showed pulling past 5k. I'm not sure if the tach is off, or if it was a dyno operator glitch, or what. That's annoying.
5) The one run that shows pulling to 5200rpm has the power slipping at 4750 and then past 5000 it drops like a rock. I'm thinking we may need to increase the max RPM (high idle) setting to keep the governor from spoiling the party. I want the power strong to at least 5000 before it falls off, and I think we have a few hundred RPM left to play with here.
6) The power numbers are still a bit less than expected, however the performance data is pretty good, IMO. I am still using uncorrected numbers, but I included the graphs for SAE correction for grins.
My conclusions to date: The 3.5L turbo is adequate - barely - for the 6mm pump. The compressor is just a bit small to handle the high boost levels so it's superheating the intake air. A T3/T4 hybrid (or something similar) may work better? Or just a slightly larger compressor, still in T3 trim. The EGT's remained at safe levels on the dyno (~1200F peak). I forgot to bring a video camera to capture the gauge readings on the dyno, it's not easy watching four gauges (tach, IAT, EGT, boost) simultaneously and also remembering to lift off the throttle at 5200. Next time.
Still to come: Videos during an acceleration run, but that will have to wait. It's snowing outside.
I ran mine up to 5500rpm yesterday to see how it pulled, ... strong as a gasser (high-idle set at 5800rpm)!
I'd be interested to see how your power curve changes if you were to give the high-idle a turn in and reduce the governor's effect on your high-rpm fueling.
Hey, didn't I promise one of you guys first crack at the 6mm elements that come out of my pump? It's scheduled for the swap at the end of next week and pending good drivability, I'll probably be selling the 6's soon.
I believe that you did, back on the fruit forum (still interested).
I'd like to hear how the swap goes, my neighbor has been asking about potential mods to his '99 (but wants to wait until it passes 100,000 miles).
I thought I had spoke to you about it but I couldn't find the PM's...
I have a new set of 7's too but you'll have to negotiate a price with Tom for them...